Motivational and Humanist Theories
Motivational and Humanist Theories include:
- **ARCS Model of Motivational Design** (developed by Keller)
- Emotional Intelligence (developed by Goleman)
- **Experiential Learning** (developed by Kolb)
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (developed by Maslow)
- **Self-Determination Theory** (developed by Deci and Ryan)
- **ARCS Model of Motivational Design** (developed by Keller)
- Emotional Intelligence (developed by Goleman)
- **Experiential Learning** (developed by Kolb)
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (developed by Maslow)
- **Self-Determination Theory** (developed by Deci and Ryan)
ARCS Model of Motivational Design
Overview: According to John Keller’s ARCS Model of Motivational Design, there are four steps for promoting and sustaining motivation in the learning process: Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction (ARCS).
When it works: The ARCS Model of Motivational Design works well when you can relate the subject to students lives (for interest purposes).It is always a goal of ours as teachers to relate any subject to students interests and that's why we should really try to use this model.
When it doesn't work: Does not work when there is no common group for student interests.You may run into this as not all of your students will have a common interest. This is where as teachers we need to try to relate to all students at some point throughout the course. It can still be useful if you focus on a different interest when you teach a concept at different points throughout the course.
When it works: The ARCS Model of Motivational Design works well when you can relate the subject to students lives (for interest purposes).It is always a goal of ours as teachers to relate any subject to students interests and that's why we should really try to use this model.
When it doesn't work: Does not work when there is no common group for student interests.You may run into this as not all of your students will have a common interest. This is where as teachers we need to try to relate to all students at some point throughout the course. It can still be useful if you focus on a different interest when you teach a concept at different points throughout the course.
Experiential Learning
Overview: A four-stage cyclical theory of learning, Kolb’s experiential learning theory is a holistic perspective that combines experience, perception, cognition, and behavior.
When it works: Experiential Learning works well when students are able to pick up the mistakes and learn from it. This theory allows students to see where they made their mistakes and take steps to improve their learning, thinking, and to promote growth.
When it doesn't work: Experiential Learning does not work well when the ability to find the mistake is not there. Some students do not have the ability to find their own mistakes. This is where teachers need to use different assessment strategies to show students their mistakes, and in some cases, some steps that they could take to show some improvement.
When it works: Experiential Learning works well when students are able to pick up the mistakes and learn from it. This theory allows students to see where they made their mistakes and take steps to improve their learning, thinking, and to promote growth.
When it doesn't work: Experiential Learning does not work well when the ability to find the mistake is not there. Some students do not have the ability to find their own mistakes. This is where teachers need to use different assessment strategies to show students their mistakes, and in some cases, some steps that they could take to show some improvement.
Self-Determination Theory
Overview: Self-Determination Theory is a theory of motivation and personality that addresses three universal, innate and psychological needs: competence, autonomy, and psychological relatedness.
When it works: Self-Determination Theory works to get students to develop a sense of intrinsic motivation. Most students in high school do not have this ability. If you have the opportunity to get your students to develop a sense of intrinsic motivation, then you do not have to use as many motivational techniques within your classroom.
When it doesn't work: Self-Determination Theory does not work when the students are uninterested in the motivations.There will still be students in your classroom that you will not be able to develop a sense of intrinsic motivation. This theory will be useless with those types of students.
When it works: Self-Determination Theory works to get students to develop a sense of intrinsic motivation. Most students in high school do not have this ability. If you have the opportunity to get your students to develop a sense of intrinsic motivation, then you do not have to use as many motivational techniques within your classroom.
When it doesn't work: Self-Determination Theory does not work when the students are uninterested in the motivations.There will still be students in your classroom that you will not be able to develop a sense of intrinsic motivation. This theory will be useless with those types of students.